Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh’s largest tourist destination, holds a rich history that many are curious to explore. This article traces the journey of this coastal gem, once known as Palongkee and Panowa, to its present-day identity. Insights from the Cox’s Bazar District Administration provide an intriguing narrative of how this region evolved over the centuries.
The Origin of Cox’s Bazar
The name Cox’s Bazar has its roots in a fascinating historical transformation. Previously known as Palongkee, the area was also referred to as Panowa, meaning “yellow flower,” a reference to the vibrant yellow blossoms that once adorned the region. Located 159 kilometers south of Chattogram, the modern name of Cox’s Bazar is a tribute to Captain Hiram Cox, a notable British naval officer and East India Company administrator.
A Historical Overview
The history of Cox’s Bazar dates back to the Mughal era. En route to Arakan, Mughal prince Shah Shuja passed through this coastal region and was mesmerized by its natural beauty, where the hills meet the sea. He instructed his entourage to establish a base here.
The area became known as Dulahazara, meaning “one thousand palanquins,” referring to the prince’s large convoy that set up camp in this region. Dulahazara remains a union under the Chakaria Upazila to this day.
Following the Mughal period, the area came under the control of the Tripura and Arakanese rulers, who later saw a brief Portuguese rule. Eventually, the East India Company took over, appointing Captain Hiram Cox to oversee the region. His efforts to settle conflicts between the local communities earned him recognition, and he established a marketplace, which became known as Cox’s Bazaar. Over time, the name evolved into Cox’s Bazar, cementing his legacy.
A City of Legacy and Beauty
From its early days as Palongkee to its transformation under Captain Hiram Cox, Cox’s Bazar has become a symbol of natural beauty and cultural significance. Its rich history inspires locals and tourists, offering a unique blend of heritage and scenic splendor.
Today, Cox’s Bazar is a testament to its storied past and an enduring reminder of its journey through time.
By Abdur Rashid Manik
Photo: Abdur Rashid Manik
